Book 15: 《衛靈公》 Wei Ling Gong (Duke Ling of Wey)
《衛靈公》 Passage 15.35
Legge Translation (1861)
The Master said: "Virtue is more to man than either water or fire. I have seen men die from treading on water and fire, but I have never seen a man die from treading the course of virtue."Word by word
- 子曰 zǐ yuē
the Master said
- 子 Master, teacher (honorific title for Confucius)
- 曰 said, spoke
- 民 mín
the people, the common people
- 之 zhī
subordinating particle: marks the subject of a clause used as a topic
- 於 yú
coverb marking relation: to, toward
- 仁 rén
humaneness, benevolence
- 也 yě
particle marking a pause after a topic clause
- 甚 shèn
very much, to a much greater degree
- 於 yú
comparison marker: than
- 水火 shuǐ huǒ
water and fire
- 水 water
- 火 fire
- 水火 shuǐ huǒ
water and fire
- 水 water
- 火 fire
- 吾 wú
I, me (first-person pronoun)
- 見 jiàn
to see, have witnessed
- 蹈 dǎo
to tread on, step on
- 而 ér
causal/sequential conjunction: and so, resulting in
- 死 sǐ
to die
- 者 zhě
nominalizing particle: those who, the one(s) who
- 矣 yǐ
final particle marking completed action or assertion
- 未 wèi
not yet, never
- 見 jiàn
to see, have witnessed
- 蹈 dǎo
to tread on, step on
- 仁 rén
humaneness, benevolence
- 而 ér
causal/sequential conjunction: and so, resulting in
- 死 sǐ
to die
- 者 zhě
nominalizing particle: those who, the one(s) who
- 也 yě
final particle of assertion, closing the sentence
English closes the sentence with a period.
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