Book 5: 《公冶長》 Gong Ye Chang
《公冶長》 Passage 5.12
Legge Translation (1861)
Zigong said: "What I do not wish men to do to me, I also wish not to do to men."The Master said: "Ci, you have not attained to that."
Word by word
- 子貢 zǐ gòng
Zigong, courtesy name of the disciple Duanmu Ci
- 子 prefix of a courtesy name, as in 子路 and 子貢; not the title Master
- 貢 name element: -gong in Zigong, courtesy name of the disciple Duanmu Ci
- 曰 yuē
said, spoke
- 我 wǒ
I, me (first-person pronoun)
- 不 bù
not (negates a following verb)
- 欲 yù
wish, want, desire
- 人 rén
other people, others
- 之 zhī
subordinating particle marking a subject before its predicate within an embedded clause
- 加 jiā
to do to, impose upon
- 諸 zhū
fusion word: it/them + on, to (之 + 於)
- 我 wǒ
me (first-person object pronoun)
- 也 yě
particle marking a pause after a topicalized clause
English uses a comma instead of a discrete word for this particle.
- 吾 wú
I (first-person pronoun)
- 亦 yì
also, likewise
- 欲 yù
wish, want, desire
- 無 wú
not, without (negates a following verb)
- 加 jiā
to do to, impose upon
- 諸 zhū
fusion word: it/them + on, to (之 + 於)
- 人 rén
other people, others
- 子曰 zǐ yuē
the Master said
- 子 the Master, Confucius
- 曰 said, spoke
- 賜 cì
Ci (Si), personal name of the disciple Zigong
- 也 yě
particle marking direct address, adding an emphatic or affectionate tone
- 非 fēi
is not, negates the predicate that follows
- 爾 ěr
you (second-person pronoun)
- 所及 suǒ jí
that which is attained, reached
- 所 nominalizing particle: that which, what
- 及 to reach, attain, come up to
- 也 yě
final particle of assertion
English closes the sentence with a period rather than a discrete word for this particle.
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