Book 8: 《泰伯》 Tai Bo
《泰伯》 Passage 8.10
Legge Translation (1861)
The Master said: "The man who is fond of daring and is dissatisfied with poverty, will proceed to insubordination. So will the man who is not virtuous, when you carry your dislike of him to an extreme."Word by word
- 子曰 zǐ yuē
the Master said
- 子 the Master, honorific title for Confucius
- 曰 said, spoke
- 好 hào
to be fond of, to like
- 勇 yǒng
courage, bravery, daring
- 疾 jí
to hate, resent, detest
- 貧 pín
poverty, being poor
- 亂 luàn
disorder, chaos, rebellion
- 也 yě
final particle of assertion
- 人 rén
a person, someone (generic, indefinite)
- 而 ér
conjunctive particle linking subject and predicate: if, and yet
only Watson and Chin render it explicitly as 'if'.
- 不 bù
not, negation
- 仁 rén
humane, benevolent, possessing ren
Roberts and Chin fuse the negation and this character into a single antonym, 'inhumane.'
- 疾 jí
to hate, resent, detest
- 之 zhī
him, it (third-person object pronoun)
Only Legge preserves an explicit object pronoun; the others use a passive construction or drop the object.
- 已甚 yǐ shèn
excessively, to an extreme degree
- 已 excessively, very (intensifying adverb)
- 甚 extreme, excessive, too much
- 亂 luàn
disorder, chaos, rebellion
- 也 yě
final particle of assertion
English relies on sentence structure alone.
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