《先進》 Passage 11.2

the Master said

• 子 honorific title: Master (referring to Confucius)
• 曰 said, spoke (introducing a quotation)

to follow, accompany

me, I (first-person pronoun)

locative preposition: in, at

Chen, name of a state

Cai, name of a state

nominalizing particle: those who, the ones who

all, every one (universal quantifier)

Combined with 不, 皆 gives the sense 'none' — English fuses the universal quantifier and the negation into a single word; Roberts and Chin instead carry this fused sense on 不 alone, as 'no longer'.

negative particle: not

to reach, arrive at, attain to

Roberts and Chin render 及門 idiomatically as 'studying with', treating arrival at the Master's gate as standing for discipleship.

gate, door

鄭玄 (in 何晏) reads 及門 as reaching the gate of office, 皆不及仕進之門, and Slingerland and Watson's primary rendering follow him; 朱熹 reads it as no longer being at the Master's gate, the disciples dead or dispersed, which Legge, Peimin Ni, Lau and Chin follow.

final particle of assertion

Peimin Peimin Ni, Ames & Rosemont, and Chin add 'now' to mark the present-tense contrast implicit in the assertion, though this is an interpretive addition rather than a literal translation of 也.