Book 19: 《子張》 Zi Zhang
《子張》 Passage 19.16
Legge Translation (1861)
The philosopher Zeng said: "How imposing is the manner of Zhang! It is difficult along with him to practice virtue."Word by word
- 曾子 zēng zǐ
Master Zeng, a disciple of Confucius
- 曾 Zeng, surname of the disciple Zeng Shen
- 子 honorific suffix: Master
- 曰 yuē
said
- 堂堂 táng táng
imposing, grand in bearing
- 堂 grand, imposing, dignified in bearing
- 堂 grand, imposing, dignified in bearing
Reduplicative binome; translators split between an admiring reading (imposing, majestic) and one with a hint of showiness (full of himself, high and mighty).
- 乎 hū
exclamatory final particle: how...!
- 張 zhāng
Zizhang, a disciple of Confucius
- 也 yě
final particle marking a pause between topic and comment
- 難 nán
difficult, hard
- 與 yǔ
with, together with (coverb marking accompaniment)
- 並 bìng
side by side, together, jointly
- 為 wéi
to practice, engage in
- 仁 rén
humaneness, benevolence
The central Confucian virtue term; translators render it with signature terms that diverge widely even within a single passage.
- 矣 yǐ
final particle marking assertion or completed/emphatic mood
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