Book 10: 《鄉黨》 Xiang Dang (In the Village)
《鄉黨》 Passage 10.16
Legge Translation (1861)
Ji Kang having sent him a present of physic, he bowed and received it, saying: "I do not know it. I dare not taste it."Word by word
- 康子 kāng zǐ
Kangzi (Ji Kangzi), a hereditary minister of the state of Lu
- 康 Kang, posthumous epithet in 康子 (Ji Kangzi, 季孫肥)
- 子 honorific title-suffix forming Ji Kangzi's designation: Master, lord
Full name is Ji Kangzi (季康子); some translators include the clan name Ji, others give only Kangzi.
- 饋 kuì
to present as a gift, send (to a superior or an equal)
- 藥 yào
medicine, medicinal substance
- 拜 bài
to bow, make obeisance
- 而 ér
coordinating conjunction: and, and then (linking two sequential actions)
- 受 shòu
to receive, accept
- 之 zhī
object pronoun: it (referring to the medicine)
- 曰 yuē
to say, said (introduces direct speech)
- 丘 qiū
Confucius's given name, used self-referentially in place of 'I'
Confucius refers to himself by his personal name Qiu out of humility when speaking of a superior's gift; all translators simply render this as the first-person pronoun.
- 未 wèi
not yet, do not (negating an unattained state)
Roberts fuses 未 and 達 into the single word 'unsure'.
- 達 dá
to understand, comprehend, be familiar with
Roberts fuses 未 and 達 into the single word 'unsure'; Watson uses 'familiar' rather than 'know'.
- 不 bù
not (negation)
- 敢 gǎn
to dare, venture to
Roberts substitutes a personal preference ('rather not') for the sense of daring here.
- 嘗 cháng
to taste
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