Book 19: 《子張》 Zi Zhang
《子張》 Passage 19.13
Legge Translation (1861)
Zixia said: "The officer, having discharged all his duties, should devote his leisure to learning. The student, having completed his learning, should apply himself to be an officer."Word by word
- 子夏 zǐ xià
Zixia, disciple of Confucius (courtesy name of Bu Shang 卜商)
- 子 prefix of a courtesy name, as in 子路 and 子貢; not the title Master
- 夏 Xia, courtesy-name element in 子夏, the courtesy name of Bu Shang (卜商); his given name is 商
- 曰 yuē
said
- 仕 shì
to serve in office, hold public office
- 而 ér
conditional/coordinating conjunction: and, if, when
- 優 yōu
have ability or energy to spare
優 is contested: some translators read it as surplus capacity or leisure time (Watson, Chin, Ames & Rosemont, Lau), others as excelling (Slingerland, Roberts).
- 則 zé
then, marking the consequence of a condition
- 學 xué
to study, learn
- 學 xué
to study, learn
- 而 ér
conditional/coordinating conjunction: and, if, when
- 優 yōu
have ability or energy to spare
優 is contested here as in the parallel clause. See the note at index 7.
- 則 zé
then, marking the consequence of a condition
- 仕 shì
to serve in office, hold public office
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