《子張》 Passage 19.23

Shusun Wushu, a grandee of Lu

• 叔 surname element: Shu, in the compound surname 叔孫 (Shusun)
• 孫 surname element: sun, in the compound surname 叔孫 (Shusun)
• 武 Wu, posthumous epithet in 武叔; Shusun Zhouchou's (叔孫州仇) appellation, not a given name
• 叔 Shu, birth-order element in 武叔, the appellation of Shusun Zhouchou (叔孫州仇); 武 is his posthumous epithet

to speak to, address

Read yù (falling tone), the transitive 'to tell, address', as 朱熹 marks (語，去聲); not yǔ 'words, speech'.

high official, grandee

• 大 great, high-ranking, in the compound 大夫, high official
• 夫 man, official, in the compound 大夫, high official

at, in (locative)

the court

said, spoke

Zigong, disciple of Confucius

• 子 prefix of a courtesy name, as in 子路 and 子貢; not the title Master
• 貢 name element in 子貢 (Zigong)

worthy, superior in ability and virtue

than (comparative marker)

Zhongni, Confucius's courtesy name

• 仲 name element in 仲尼 (Zhongni, Confucius's courtesy name)
• 尼 name element in 仲尼 (Zhongni, Confucius's courtesy name)

Zifu Jingbo, a grandee of Lu

• 子 surname element in 子服 (Zifu)
• 服 surname element in 子服 (Zifu)
• 景 Jing, posthumous epithet in 景伯, the appellation of Zifu He (子服何); not a courtesy name
• 伯 courtesy-name element in 景伯 (Jingbo); also an elder-rank title

with it, using this, referring to the preceding remark

to tell, inform, report

Zigong, disciple of Confucius

• 子 prefix of a courtesy name, as in 子路 and 子貢; not the title Master
• 貢 name element in 子貢 (Zigong)

Zigong, disciple of Confucius

• 子 prefix of a courtesy name, as in 子路 and 子貢; not the title Master
• 貢 name element in 子貢 (Zigong)

Legge and Roberts fold the two sentences together, so this occurrence surfaces only as the relative pronoun 'who' rather than a repeated name.

said, spoke

to compare, use as an analogy

object pronoun: it, referring to the matter under discussion

the wall of a residence (as a general image)

• 宮 mansion, residence, here as part of 宮牆, a residence's wall
• 牆 wall, here the wall of a residence used as a general image

I, me (Zigong's self-reference by personal name)

possessive particle: 's, of

Fused with 賜 into the single English possessive 'my'; Roberts recasts the clause as a copula ('I would be the wall') and drops the possessive entirely.

wall (here, Zigong's own wall)

topic-marking pause particle: as for...

to reach the shoulder, shoulder-high

• 及 to reach, come up to
• 肩 shoulder

to peer over and see, catch a glimpse of

• 窺 to peer over, peep at
• 見 to see, catch sight of

the rooms, the house (interior living quarters)

• 室 room, chamber, here part of 室家, the interior of a house
• 家 house, household, here part of 室家, the interior of a house

possessive particle: 's, of

goodness, excellence, beauty (of the interior)

the Master (Confucius)

• 夫 element of 夫子, honorific title "the Master"
• 子 element of 夫子, honorific title "the Master"

possessive particle: 's, of

wall (here, Confucius's wall)

several ren high, many times the height

• 數 several, a number of
• 仞 ren, an ancient unit of height, about 7-8 feet

unless one finds (the gate) and enters, without gaining entry

• 不 not
• 得 to find, gain, obtain, here gain entry
• 而 conjunctive particle: and, and then
• 入 to enter, go in

possessive/determinative pronoun: its, that

All eight translators use the definite article 'the gate' rather than an explicit possessive, so English does this work through the article, not a distinct word.

gate, entrance

cannot see, does not see

• 不 not
• 見 to see, catch sight of

ancestral temple

• 宗 ancestral, clan, here part of 宗廟, ancestral temple
• 廟 temple, shrine, here part of 宗廟, ancestral temple

possessive particle: 's, of

beauty, splendor, magnificence

the many official buildings (官 read as 館, halls), or the assembled officials

• 百 hundred, here part of 百官, the many officials
• 官 official, officer, here part of 百官, the many officials

possessive particle: 's, of

wealth, richness, abundance

to find, gain, obtain entry

possessive/determinative pronoun: its, that

gate, entrance

nominalizing particle: one who, those who

perhaps, it may be that (epistemic hedge)

few, scarce, rare

final particle marking assertion

the Master (here, Shusun Wushu, referred to as 'the Master')

• 夫 element of 夫子, honorific title "the Master"
• 子 element of 夫子, honorific title "the Master"

Lau, Watson and Chin render 夫子 here as 'the gentleman'/'that gentleman' and Legge as 'the chief', rather than 'the Master', since it refers back to Shusun Wushu, not Confucius.

possessive particle: 's, of

to say, speak

is it not...?, rhetorical confirmation frame

• 不 not
• 亦 also, at all (intensifier in rhetorical question)
• 乎 interrogative final particle

fitting, right, to be expected

Most translators fuse this into the surrounding rhetorical frame ('not surprising', 'any wonder') rather than giving it a distinct word.