Book 7: 《述而》 Shu Er (Transmission)
《述而》 Passage 7.2
Legge Translation (1861)
The Master said: "The silent treasuring up of knowledge; learning without satiety; and instructing others without being wearied: — which one of these things belongs to me?"Word by word
- 子曰 zǐ yuē
the Master said
- 子 the Master, i.e. Confucius
- 曰 said, spoke
- 默 mò
silently, without speaking
Roberts alone reads this as withholding comment or judgment rather than plain silence.
- 而識 ér zhì
to note, remember, retain in mind
- 而 conjunctive particle linking two clauses: and, and yet
- 識 to note, remember, retain in mind — Read as zhì 'to remember, record,' not shí 'to know, recognize.'
- 之 zhī
third-person object pronoun: it
- 學 xué
to learn, study
- 而不厭 ér bù yàn
without growing tired of it, insatiably
- 而 conjunctive particle linking two clauses: and, and yet
- 不 not
- 厭 to be tired of, sated with
而不 + verb is a common result-clause frame ('X-ing without becoming Y'); every translator renders the whole span idiomatically rather than word for word, so 而 draws no separate evidence here.
- 誨人 huì rén
to teach, instruct others
- 誨 to teach, instruct
- 人 other people, others
Slingerland alone renders 誨 as 'encouraging' rather than 'teaching, instructing'.
- 不倦 bù juàn
without growing weary, untiringly
- 不 not
- 倦 weary, tired
- 何有 hé yǒu
what difficulty is there for me in this?, modest rhetorical question
- 何 what, introducing a rhetorical question here
- 有 to have, to exist, there is
Three readings: 包咸 in 何晏's 集解 takes 何有於我 as an assertion that these are found in the Master alone (so Ames & Rosemont 'is this not me?'); 朱熹 reads it as 何者能有於我, 'which of these can I claim?' (so Legge 'which one of these things belongs to me?'); 楊伯峻 and 錢穆 read 何有 as the stock 'what difficulty is there', followed by Slingerland, Peimin Ni, Roberts, Lau, Watson and Chin.
- 於 yú
coverb: to, for
- 我 wǒ
I, me
- 哉 zāi
final particle marking exclamatory or interrogative force
English marks this through punctuation and mood rather than a word: Legge, Peimin Ni, and Ames & Rosemont end with a question mark (an open rhetorical question), while Slingerland, Roberts, Lau, Watson, and Chin end with a period (a flat assertion) — the same split reflected in how 何有 is read.
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